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Post-hoc power analysis was conducted, indicating an achieved power of 1.0 and an effect size of 0.86, suggesting that the study had a high likelihood of detecting the observed effect

In the event these should occur, re-evaluate the patient and institute appropriate corrective measures

Abstract Brain aging and cognitive decline are aspects of growing old

Supplementary material The Supplementary Material for this article can be found online at: Glossary AJCC American Joint Committee on Cancer provides staging guidelines for cancer CR Complete Response disappearance of all signs of cancer in response to treatment CRP C-reactive Protein a marker of systemic inflammation in the blood CTCAE Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events a standard classification and severity grading scale for adverse effects ECOG Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status scale to assess patient functional status ICI Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor drugs that block checkpoint proteins to enhance immune response against cancer irAE Immune-related Adverse Event side effects resulting from immune activation caused by ICIs LDH Lactate Dehydrogenase an enzyme that can indicate tissue damage or disease progression LMR Lymphocyte-to-Monocyte Ratio a derived index from blood counts used to reflect immune status MDSC Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells immune cells that suppress the anti-tumor immune response NLR Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio a systemic inflammation marker associated with cancer prognosis OR Odds Ratio a statistic that quantifies the strength of the association between two events OS Overall Survival time from treatment initiation until death from any cause PD Progressive Disease cancer that is growing or spreading PD-1 Programmed Cell Death Protein 1 a receptor targeted by ICIs PD-L1 Programmed Death-Ligand 1 a ligand that binds PD-1 and downregulates immune responses PFS Progression-Free Survival time during and after treatment that a patient lives with the disease without it worsening PLR Platelet-to-Lymphocyte Ratio a prognostic marker derived from blood tests PR Partial Response a significant reduction in the size of tumors but not complete disappearance ROC Receiver Operating Characteristic a graphical plot used to show diagnostic ability of a binary classifier SD Stable Disease cancer that is neither decreasing nor increasing in extent or severity References 1 ChangCParkHMaloneDCWangCYWilsonDLYehYM